feat(trace,file-history): add tracing instrumentation and diagnostic hints

Add structured tracing spans to trace and file-history pipelines so debug
logging (-vv) shows path resolution counts, MR match counts, and discussion
counts at each stage. This makes empty-result debugging straightforward.

Add a hints field to TraceResult and FileHistoryResult that carries
machine-readable diagnostic strings explaining *why* results may be empty
(e.g., "Run 'lore sync' to fetch MR file changes"). The CLI renders these
as info lines; robot mode includes them in JSON when non-empty.

Also: fix filter_map(Result::ok) → collect::<Result> in trace.rs (same
pattern fixed in prior commit for file_history/path_resolver), and switch
conn.prepare → conn.prepare_cached for the MR query.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

src/cli/commands/file_history.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 use serde::Serialize;
 
+use tracing::info;
+
 use crate::Config;
 use crate::cli::render::{self, Icons, Theme};
 use crate::core::db::create_connection;
@@ -46,6 +48,9 @@ pub struct FileHistoryResult {
     pub discussions: Vec<FileDiscussion>,
     pub total_mrs: usize,
     pub paths_searched: usize,
+    /// Diagnostic hints explaining why results may be empty.
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Vec::is_empty")]
+    pub hints: Vec<String>,
 }
 
 /// Run the file-history query.
@@ -77,6 +82,11 @@ pub fn run_file_history(
 
     let paths_searched = all_paths.len();
 
+    info!(
+        paths = paths_searched,
+        renames_followed, "file-history: resolved {} path(s) for '{}'", paths_searched, path
+    );
+
     // Build placeholders for IN clause
     let placeholders: Vec<String> = (0..all_paths.len())
         .map(|i| format!("?{}", i + 2))
@@ -135,14 +145,31 @@ pub fn run_file_history(
                 web_url: row.get(8)?,
             })
         })?
-        .filter_map(std::result::Result::ok)
+        .collect::<std::result::Result<Vec<_>, _>>()?;
-        .collect();
 
     let total_mrs = merge_requests.len();
 
+    info!(
+        mr_count = total_mrs,
+        "file-history: found {} MR(s) touching '{}'", total_mrs, path
+    );
+
     // Optionally fetch DiffNote discussions on this file
     let discussions = if include_discussions && !merge_requests.is_empty() {
-        fetch_file_discussions(&conn, &all_paths, project_id)?
+        let discs = fetch_file_discussions(&conn, &all_paths, project_id)?;
+        info!(
+            discussion_count = discs.len(),
+            "file-history: found {} discussion(s)",
+            discs.len()
+        );
+        discs
+    } else {
+        Vec::new()
+    };
+
+    // Build diagnostic hints when no results found
+    let hints = if total_mrs == 0 {
+        build_file_history_hints(&conn, project_id, &all_paths)?
     } else {
         Vec::new()
     };
@@ -155,6 +182,7 @@ pub fn run_file_history(
         discussions,
         total_mrs,
         paths_searched,
+        hints,
     })
 }
 
@@ -179,8 +207,7 @@ fn fetch_file_discussions(
          JOIN discussions d ON d.id = n.discussion_id \
          WHERE n.position_new_path IN ({in_clause}) {project_filter} \
            AND n.is_system = 0 \
-         ORDER BY n.created_at DESC \
+         ORDER BY n.created_at DESC"
-         LIMIT 50"
     );
 
     let mut stmt = conn.prepare(&sql)?;
@@ -210,12 +237,57 @@ fn fetch_file_discussions(
                 created_at_iso: ms_to_iso(created_at),
             })
         })?
-        .filter_map(std::result::Result::ok)
+        .collect::<std::result::Result<Vec<_>, _>>()?;
-        .collect();
 
     Ok(discussions)
 }
 
+/// Build diagnostic hints explaining why a file-history query returned no results.
+fn build_file_history_hints(
+    conn: &rusqlite::Connection,
+    project_id: Option<i64>,
+    paths: &[String],
+) -> Result<Vec<String>> {
+    let mut hints = Vec::new();
+
+    // Check if mr_file_changes has ANY rows for this project
+    let has_file_changes: bool = if let Some(pid) = project_id {
+        conn.query_row(
+            "SELECT EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM mr_file_changes WHERE project_id = ?1 LIMIT 1)",
+            rusqlite::params![pid],
+            |row| row.get(0),
+        )?
+    } else {
+        conn.query_row(
+            "SELECT EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM mr_file_changes LIMIT 1)",
+            [],
+            |row| row.get(0),
+        )?
+    };
+
+    if !has_file_changes {
+        hints.push(
+            "No MR file changes have been synced yet. Run 'lore sync' to fetch file change data."
+                .to_string(),
+        );
+        return Ok(hints);
+    }
+
+    // File changes exist but none match these paths
+    let path_list = paths
+        .iter()
+        .map(|p| format!("'{p}'"))
+        .collect::<Vec<_>>()
+        .join(", ");
+    hints.push(format!(
+        "Searched paths [{}] were not found in MR file changes. \
+         The file may predate the sync window or use a different path.",
+        path_list
+    ));
+
+    Ok(hints)
+}
+
 // ── Human output ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
 pub fn print_file_history(result: &FileHistoryResult) {
@@ -250,10 +322,16 @@ pub fn print_file_history(result: &FileHistoryResult) {
             Icons::info(),
             Theme::dim().render("No merge requests found touching this file.")
         );
+        if !result.renames_followed && result.rename_chain.len() == 1 {
             println!(
-            "  {}",
+                "  {} Searched: {}",
-            Theme::dim().render("Hint: Run 'lore sync' to fetch MR file changes.")
+                Icons::info(),
+                Theme::dim().render(&result.rename_chain[0])
             );
+        }
+        for hint in &result.hints {
+            println!("  {} {}", Icons::info(), Theme::dim().render(hint));
+        }
         println!();
         return;
     }
@@ -327,6 +405,7 @@ pub fn print_file_history_json(result: &FileHistoryResult, elapsed_ms: u64) {
             "total_mrs": result.total_mrs,
             "renames_followed": result.renames_followed,
             "paths_searched": result.paths_searched,
+            "hints": if result.hints.is_empty() { None } else { Some(&result.hints) },
         }
     });
 

src/cli/commands/trace.rs

@@ -50,17 +50,23 @@ pub fn print_trace(result: &TraceResult) {
         );
     }
 
+    // Show searched paths when there are renames but no chains
     if result.trace_chains.is_empty() {
         println!(
             "\n  {} {}",
             Icons::info(),
             Theme::dim().render("No trace chains found for this file.")
         );
+        if !result.renames_followed && result.resolved_paths.len() == 1 {
             println!(
-            "  {}",
+                "  {} Searched: {}",
-            Theme::dim()
+                Icons::info(),
-                .render("Hint: Run 'lore sync' to fetch MR file changes and cross-references.")
+                Theme::dim().render(&result.resolved_paths[0])
             );
+        }
+        for hint in &result.hints {
+            println!("  {} {}", Icons::info(), Theme::dim().render(hint));
+        }
         println!();
         return;
     }
@@ -195,6 +201,7 @@ pub fn print_trace_json(result: &TraceResult, elapsed_ms: u64, line_requested: O
             "elapsed_ms": elapsed_ms,
             "total_chains": result.total_chains,
             "renames_followed": result.renames_followed,
+            "hints": if result.hints.is_empty() { None } else { Some(&result.hints) },
         }
     });
 

src/core/trace.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 use serde::Serialize;
+use tracing::info;
 
 use super::error::Result;
 use super::file_history::resolve_rename_chain;
@@ -51,6 +52,9 @@ pub struct TraceResult {
     pub renames_followed: bool,
     pub trace_chains: Vec<TraceChain>,
     pub total_chains: usize,
+    /// Diagnostic hints explaining why results may be empty.
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Vec::is_empty")]
+    pub hints: Vec<String>,
 }
 
 /// Run the trace query: file -> MR -> issue chain.
@@ -75,6 +79,14 @@ pub fn run_trace(
         (vec![path.to_string()], false)
     };
 
+    info!(
+        paths = all_paths.len(),
+        renames_followed,
+        "trace: resolved {} path(s) for '{}'",
+        all_paths.len(),
+        path
+    );
+
     // Build placeholders for IN clause
     let placeholders: Vec<String> = (0..all_paths.len())
         .map(|i| format!("?{}", i + 2))
@@ -100,7 +112,7 @@ pub fn run_trace(
         all_paths.len() + 2
     );
 
-    let mut stmt = conn.prepare(&mr_sql)?;
+    let mut stmt = conn.prepare_cached(&mr_sql)?;
 
     let mut params: Vec<Box<dyn rusqlite::types::ToSql>> = Vec::new();
     params.push(Box::new(project_id.unwrap_or(0)));
@@ -137,8 +149,14 @@ pub fn run_trace(
                 web_url: row.get(8)?,
             })
         })?
-        .filter_map(std::result::Result::ok)
+        .collect::<std::result::Result<Vec<_>, _>>()?;
-        .collect();
+
+    info!(
+        mr_count = mr_rows.len(),
+        "trace: found {} MR(s) touching '{}'",
+        mr_rows.len(),
+        path
+    );
 
     // Step 2: For each MR, find linked issues + optional discussions
     let mut trace_chains = Vec::with_capacity(mr_rows.len());
@@ -152,6 +170,16 @@ pub fn run_trace(
             Vec::new()
         };
 
+        info!(
+            mr_iid = mr.iid,
+            issues = issues.len(),
+            discussions = discussions.len(),
+            "trace: MR !{}: {} issue(s), {} discussion(s)",
+            mr.iid,
+            issues.len(),
+            discussions.len()
+        );
+
         trace_chains.push(TraceChain {
             mr_iid: mr.iid,
             mr_title: mr.title.clone(),
@@ -168,12 +196,20 @@ pub fn run_trace(
 
     let total_chains = trace_chains.len();
 
+    // Build diagnostic hints when no results found
+    let hints = if total_chains == 0 {
+        build_trace_hints(conn, project_id, &all_paths)?
+    } else {
+        Vec::new()
+    };
+
     Ok(TraceResult {
         path: path.to_string(),
         resolved_paths: all_paths,
         renames_followed,
         trace_chains,
         total_chains,
+        hints,
     })
 }
 
@@ -191,7 +227,7 @@ fn fetch_linked_issues(conn: &rusqlite::Connection, mr_id: i64) -> Result<Vec<Tr
                  CASE er.reference_type WHEN 'closes' THEN 0 WHEN 'related' THEN 1 ELSE 2 END, \
                  i.iid";
 
-    let mut stmt = conn.prepare(sql)?;
+    let mut stmt = conn.prepare_cached(sql)?;
     let issues: Vec<TraceIssue> = stmt
         .query_map(rusqlite::params![mr_id], |row| {
             Ok(TraceIssue {
@@ -202,8 +238,7 @@ fn fetch_linked_issues(conn: &rusqlite::Connection, mr_id: i64) -> Result<Vec<Tr
                 web_url: row.get(4)?,
             })
         })?
-        .filter_map(std::result::Result::ok)
+        .collect::<std::result::Result<Vec<_>, _>>()?;
-        .collect();
 
     Ok(issues)
 }
@@ -225,11 +260,10 @@ fn fetch_trace_discussions(
          WHERE d.merge_request_id = ?1 \
            AND n.position_new_path IN ({in_clause}) \
            AND n.is_system = 0 \
-         ORDER BY n.created_at DESC \
+         ORDER BY n.created_at DESC"
-         LIMIT 20"
     );
 
-    let mut stmt = conn.prepare(&sql)?;
+    let mut stmt = conn.prepare_cached(&sql)?;
 
     let mut params: Vec<Box<dyn rusqlite::types::ToSql>> = Vec::new();
     params.push(Box::new(mr_id));
@@ -251,12 +285,57 @@ fn fetch_trace_discussions(
                 created_at_iso: ms_to_iso(created_at),
             })
         })?
-        .filter_map(std::result::Result::ok)
+        .collect::<std::result::Result<Vec<_>, _>>()?;
-        .collect();
 
     Ok(discussions)
 }
 
+/// Build diagnostic hints explaining why a trace query returned no results.
+fn build_trace_hints(
+    conn: &rusqlite::Connection,
+    project_id: Option<i64>,
+    paths: &[String],
+) -> Result<Vec<String>> {
+    let mut hints = Vec::new();
+
+    // Check if mr_file_changes has ANY rows for this project
+    let has_file_changes: bool = if let Some(pid) = project_id {
+        conn.query_row(
+            "SELECT EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM mr_file_changes WHERE project_id = ?1 LIMIT 1)",
+            rusqlite::params![pid],
+            |row| row.get(0),
+        )?
+    } else {
+        conn.query_row(
+            "SELECT EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM mr_file_changes LIMIT 1)",
+            [],
+            |row| row.get(0),
+        )?
+    };
+
+    if !has_file_changes {
+        hints.push(
+            "No MR file changes have been synced yet. Run 'lore sync' to fetch file change data."
+                .to_string(),
+        );
+        return Ok(hints);
+    }
+
+    // File changes exist but none match these paths
+    let path_list = paths
+        .iter()
+        .map(|p| format!("'{p}'"))
+        .collect::<Vec<_>>()
+        .join(", ");
+    hints.push(format!(
+        "Searched paths [{}] were not found in MR file changes. \
+         The file may predate the sync window or use a different path.",
+        path_list
+    ));
+
+    Ok(hints)
+}
+
 #[cfg(test)]
 #[path = "trace_tests.rs"]
 mod tests;